What is data structures list out linear and non-linear data structures?
Difference between Linear and Non-linear Data StructuresLinear Data Structure: Show
1. Array The array is a type of data structure that stores elements of the same type. These are the most basic and fundamental data structures. Data stored in each position of an array is given a positive value called the index of the element. The index helps in identifying the location of the elements in an array. If supposedly we have to store some data i.e. the price of ten cars, then we can create a structure of an array and store all the integers together. This doesn’t need creating ten separate integer variables. Therefore, the lines in a code are reduced and memory is saved. The index value starts with 0 for the first element in the case of an array. 2. Stack The data structure follows the rule of LIFO (Last In-First Out) where the data last added element is removed first. Push operation is used for adding an element of data on a stack and the pop operation is used for deleting the data from the stack. This can be explained by the example of books stacked together. In order to access the last book, all the books placed on top of the last book have to be safely removed. 3. Queue This structure is almost similar to the stack as the data is stored sequentially. The difference is that the queue data structure follows FIFO which is the rule of First In-First Out where the first added element is to exit the queue first. Front and rear are the two terms to be used in a queue. Enqueue is the insertion operation and dequeue is the deletion operation. The former is performed at the end of the queue and the latter is performed at the start end. The data structure might be explained with the example of people queuing up to ride a bus. The first person in the line will get the chance to exit the queue while the last person will be the last to exit. 4. Linked List Linked lists are the types where the data is stored in the form of nodes which consist of an element of data and a pointer. The use of the pointer is that it points or directs to the node which is next to the element in the sequence. The data stored in a linked list might be of any form, strings, numbers, or characters. Both sorted and unsorted data can be stored in a linked list along with unique or duplicate elements. 5. Hash Tables These types can be implemented as linear or non-linear data structures. The data structures consist of key-value pairs. Non-linear Data Structure: 1. Trees A tree data structure consists of various nodes linked together. The structure of a tree is hierarchical that forms a relationship like that of the parent and a child. The structure of the tree is formed in a way that there is one connection for every parent-child node relationship. Only one path should exist between the root to a node in the tree. Various types of trees are present based on their structures like AVL tree, binary tree, binary search tree, etc. 2. Graph Graphs are those types of non-linear data structures which consist of a definite quantity of vertices and edges. The vertices or the nodes are involved in storing data and the edges show the vertices relationship. The difference between a graph to a tree is that in a graph there are no specific rules for the connection of nodes. Real-life problems like social networks, telephone networks, etc. can be represented through the graphs. Difference between Linear and Non-linear Data Structures:
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Linear vs Non-Linear data structureWhat is Data structure?A data structure is a technique of storing and organizing the data in such a way that the data can be utilized in an efficient manner. In computer science, a data structure is designed in such a way that it can work with various algorithms. A data structure is classified into two categories:
Now let's have a brief look at both these data structures. What is the Linear data structure?A linear data structure is a structure in which the elements are stored sequentially, and the elements are connected to the previous and the next element. As the elements are stored sequentially, so they can be traversed or accessed in a single run. The implementation of linear data structures is easier as the elements are sequentially organized in memory. The data elements in an array are traversed one after another and can access only one element at a time. The types of linear data structures are Array, Queue, Stack, Linked List. Let's discuss each linear data structure in detail.
What is a Non-linear data structure?A non-linear data structure is also another type of data structure in which the data elements are not arranged in a contiguous manner. As the arrangement is nonsequential, so the data elements cannot be traversed or accessed in a single run. In the case of linear data structure, element is connected to two elements (previous and the next element), whereas, in the non-linear data structure, an element can be connected to more than two elements. Trees and Graphs are the types of non-linear data structure. Let's discuss both the data structures in detail.
It is a non-linear data structure that consists of various linked nodes. It has a hierarchical tree structure that forms a parent-child relationship. The diagrammatic representation of a tree data structure is shown below: For example, the posts of employees are arranged in a tree data structure like managers, officers, clerk. In the above figure, A represents a manager, B and C represent the officers, and other nodes represent the clerks.
A graph is a non-linear data structure that has a finite number of vertices and edges, and these edges are used to connect the vertices. The vertices are used to store the data elements, while the edges represent the relationship between the vertices. A graph is used in various real-world problems like telephone networks, circuit networks, social networks like LinkedIn, Facebook. In the case of facebook, a single user can be considered as a node, and the connection of a user with others is known as edges. Differences between the Linear data structure and non-linear data structure.
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Definition of Linear Data StructureThe data structure is considered to be linear if the data elements construct a sequence of a linear list. The elements are adjacently attached to each other and in a specified order. It consumes linear memory space, the data elements are required to store in a sequential manner in the memory. While implementing the linear data structure the necessary amount of memory is declared previously. It does not make a good utilization of memory and result in memory wastage. The data element are visited sequentially where only a single element can be directly reached. The examples included in the linear data structure are array, stack, queue, linked list, etc. An array is a group of a definite number of homogeneous elements or data items. Stack and queue are also an ordered collection of the elements like an array but there is a special condition where stack follows LIFO (Last in first out) order and queue employ FIFO (First in first out) to insert and delete the elements. Lists can be defined as a set of variable number data items. Definition of Non-linear Data StructureNon-linear data structure does not arrange the data consecutively rather it is arranged in sorted order. In this, the data elements can be attached to more than one element exhibiting the hierarchical relationship which involves the relationship between the child, parent, and grandparent. In the non-linear data structure, the traversal of data elements and insertion or deletion are not done sequentially. The non-linear data structure utilizes the memory efficiently and does not require the memory declaration in advance. There are the two common examples of the non-linear data structure – tree and graph. A tree data structure organizes and stores the data elements in a hierarchical relationship. Difference between Linear and Non-Linear Data Structure in Tabular FormContents
Comparison Between Linear and Non-Linear Data Structure
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Linear data structures
Nonlinear data structures
Data Structure and TypesIn this article, you will learn about data strucrture and its types. What is The Difference Between Linear And Non Linear Data Structure?The data structure means relationship between the multiple data. It is a simple kind of technique to manage, organize, and efficiently sort the data. It includes suitable algorithms to implement abstract data types. There are two categories of data structure. One is a linear data structure, and another is a non-linear data structure. In the real-life, linear data structure is used to develop software, and non-linear data structure is used in image processing and artificial intelligence. Every programmer should have data structure knowledge and we will get it through this article. Linear Data StructureIt is a type of data structure where the arrangement of the data follows a linear trend. The data elements are arranged linearly such that the element is directly linked to its previous and the next elements. As the elements are stored linearly, the structure supports single-level storage of data. And hence, traversal of the data is achieved through a single run only. Characteristics
These structures can therefore be summarized as a type of data structure where the elements are stored sequentially and follow the order where:
List of data structure in a linear type of data structure1. ArrayThe array is that type of structure that stores homogeneous elements at memory locations which are contiguous. The same types of objects are stored sequentially in an array. The main idea of an array is that multiple data of the same type can be stored together. Before storing the data in an array, the size of the array has to be defined. Any element in the array can be accessed or modified and the elements stored are indexed to identify their locations. An array can be explained with the help of a simple example of storing the marks for all the students in a class. Suppose there are 20 students, then the size of the array has to be mentioned as 20. Marks of all the students can then be stored in the created array without the need for creating separate variables for marks for every student. Simple traversal of the array can lead to the access of the elements. 2. Linked listThe linked list is that type of data structure where separate objects are stored sequentially. Every object stored in the data structure will have the data and a reference to the next object. The last node of the linked list has a reference to null. The first element of the linked list is known as the head of the list. There are many differences between a linked list to the other types of data structures. These are in terms of memory allocation, the internal structure of the data structure, and the operations carried on the linked list. Getting to an element in a linked list is a slower process compared to the arrays as the indexing in an array helps in locating the element. However, in the case of a linked list, the process has to start from the head and traverse through the whole structure until the desired element is reached. In contrast to this, the advantage of using linked lists is that the addition or deletion of elements at the beginning can be done very quickly. There are three types of linked lists:
Properties of a linked list are:
3. StackThe stack is another type of structure where the elements stored in the data structure follow the rule of LIFO (last in, first out) or FILO (First In Last Out). Two types of operations are associated with a stack i.e. push and pop. Push is used when an element has to be added to the collection and pop is used when the last element has to be removed from the collection. Extraction can be carried out for only the last added element. Properties of a stack are:
Examples of the stack include the removal of recursion. In scenarios where a word has to be reversed, or while using editors when the word that was last typed will be removed first (using an undo operation), stacks are used. If you want to try interesting data structure projects, click to read this article. 4. QueueQueue is the type of data structure where the elements to be stored follow the rule of First In First Out (FIFO). The particular order is followed for performing the required operations over the elements. The difference of a queue from that of a stack lies in the removal of an element, where the most recently added object is removed first in a stack. Whereas, in the case of a queue, the element that was added first is removed first. Both the end of the data structure is used for the insertion and the removal of data. The two main operations governing the structure of the queue are enqueue, and dequeue. Enqueue refers to the process where inserting an element is allowed to the collection of data and dequeue refers to the process where removal of elements is allowed, which is the first element in the queue in this case. Properties of a queue are:
Example of the queue: Similar to those queues made while waiting for the bus or anywhere, the data structure too follows the same pattern. We can imagine a person waiting for the bus and standing at the first position as the person that came to the queue first. This person will be the first one who will get onto a bus, i.e. exit the queue. Queues are applied when multiple users are sharing the same resources and they have to be served on the basis of who has come first on the server. |